ANNEX C DUOKOREA PROGRESS REPORT BY EUNGGWEON KIM PHD

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DUO Korea Progress Report

Annex C

DUO-Korea Progress Report

By Eung-Gweon Kim, Ph.D.

Director

International Education Cooperation Division

Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development

Republic of Korea

History & Goals of DUO Korea Programme

DUO Korea was established in November of 2001 by the Korean Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development according to the ASEM DUO Fellowship Programme, which was jointly proposed by the Korean, French and Singaporean governments at the ASEM 3 Meeting (Seoul, 2001). For the operation of DUO-Korea and other individual DUO programmes, the Korean Ministry set up the Secretariat in September of 2001 and has been a major contributor for the Secretariat.

The goal of DUO Korea is to promote exchanges of people between Korea and European ASEM member countries on a balanced and permanent basis. In this respect, DUO-Korea requires that a pair of students, teachers, and professors be exchanged in the framework of a cooperative project. Since November 2001, the fellowship of EURO 852,000 has been granted and will be distributed to 200 awardees (80 professors and 120 students).

Key Facts of DUO Korea

II-1. Contribution

As seen in Table II-1, DUO Korea had a humble start in the beginning due to short preparation time of two months since the Secretariat’s opening in September of 2001. Operation cost of 2001 is high as the amount of about EURO 220,000, ASEM DUO Fund (fund for the establishment of the Secretariat), is included in the amount. But, in years 2002 and 2003 respectively, the amount of fellowship has been more than doubled than that for 2001 and has thus contributed to the significant increase in number of awardees for those years (see Table II-3).

Table II-1. Contribution (unit : EUR)

Year	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Fellowship	144,000	348,000	360,000	852,000
Operation	286,000	99,260	106,667	491,927
TOTAL	430,000	447,260	466,667	1,343,927

II-2. Number of Candidates

The number of professors steadily increased over the years whereas that of students showed a halt in 2002 but almost tripled in 2003. Considering that DUO Korea requests for Korean candidates to fill out all the information pertaining European partner, such process requires time and energy in searching for a potential partner and applying altogether. Therefore, such an increase in number of student candidates shows their significance and enthusiasm for DUO Korea programme.

Table II-2. Number of Candidates

Year	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Professor	16	42	48	106
Students	70	66	164	300
TOTAL	86	108	212	406

II-3. Number of Awardees

The total number of awardees increased by 119% in the second year and 40% in the third. There is an exceptional increase in the number of student awardees as it continues to grow by 138%, 74% respectively. Two hundred awardees of DUO Korea for the past three years consists 37% of 540 awardees from individual DUO Programmes combined.

Table 2-3. Number of Awardees

Year	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Professor	16	32	32	80
Students	16	38	66	120
TOTAL	32	70	98	200

II-4. Number of Applied Home/Host Institutions

From 2001 until 2003, the total number of applied home/host institutions mounts to 169. While the number of Korean institutions increased by 100% and 33% in 2002 and 2003 respectively, that of Europeans increased by 131% and 76% during the same period.

Table 2-4. Number of Applied Home/Host Institutions

	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Korean Institutions	9	18	24	51
European Institutions	16	37	65	118
TOTAL	25	55	89	169

II-5. Number of Selected Home/Host Institutions

The ratio between selected Korean and European institution is 1:2. This means that each Korean institution sends candidates to 2 European institutions in average. A wide number of European institutions, hence, enjoys the benefit of DUO Korea.

Table 2-5. Number of Selected Home/Host Institutions

	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Korean Institutions	9	17	22	48
European Institutions	13	32	44	89
TOTAL	22	49	66	137

II-6. Number of Selected European Partners by Country

Out of 15 European countries, 12 countries have been granted exchange programmes; Germany, France, and Finland are 3 most frequented beneficiaries of DUO Korea. Spain is gaining its ground as the number has risen rapidly for the past 3 years.

Table 2-6. Number of Selected European Partners by Country

European Partners	2001	2002	2003	TOTAL
Belgium	1	1	1	3
Denmark			1	1
Finland	1	4	7	12
France	3	7	12	22
Germany	4	11	13	28
Greece	1	1		2
Ireland		1	1	2
Italy	1		1
The Netherlands	2	1	3	6
Spain		2	6	8
Sweden	1	3	1	5
UK	2	4	3	9
TOTAL	16	35	49	100

Operation of DUO Korea

This section describes the selection, transfer of fellowship grants, and monitoring, and information distribution processes of DUO Korea.

1. Selection Process of DUO Korea

DUO Korea selects its awardees on annual basis. The Secretariat calls for candidates in May and collects applications by June and announces awardees selected by the Advisory Committee of the ASEM-DUO Secretariat (ACAS) Members in July every year. In applying to DUO Korea, there are the following considerations;

1-1. Qualification

DUO Korea supports person-to-person exchange of university tertiary level professors and students as well as teachers. Eligible institutions should have academic cooperation agreement or letter of intent with European partners.

1-2. Selection criteria

Advisory committee that is involved in selection process consists of representatives from DUO Contributing countries, EU Council, the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Affairs, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development, and educational institutions. The committee meets after the deadline of applications and discusses which part to focus on the criteria list shown below and choose the candidates according to prioritised criteria

New or readily supported exchange programme
balanced number of participating European countries
GPA for student and number of papers published for professor

1-3. Simplified Process

As DUO Korea progressed towards its third year, the administrational process developed into focusing on catering to convenience of candidates and awardees. The change was gradual but significant in the area of papers to submit and fellowship transfer system.

A. Documents

For the first two years, DUO Korea asked to submit 6 documents to complete the acceptance process;

an application form by Korean institution
an implementation guideline signed by contact persons and students/professors from both institutions

a copy of academic cooperation agreement or letter of intent or recommendation letter by principle (in case for school teachers)
a letter of acceptance
a transcript (student)/CV (professor)
a list of courses (student) or research plan (professor)

From DUO Korea 2003, the number of documents was reduced to application form, letter of acceptance, and transcript/CV.

2. Transfer Process of Fellowship

DUO Korea used to arrange fellowship transferred to host institutions where exchange students or professors are involved. However, there were long delays in such arrangements due to administrational work and governmental restriction in providing finance to foreigners in certain countries. For awardees’ convenience, DUO Korea started sending out fellowship to individual’s personal bank account.

3. Monitoring Process

DUO Korea conducts a simple monitoring process. For student exchanges, within one month after the date of departure to the originating institutions (or after the last date of exchanges), persons of exchange should submit to the Secretariat an essay on the achievement through the Project. A copy of transcripts should be turned in no later than 2 months upon completion.

For professor exchanges, within 1 month after the date of departure to the originating institutions (or after the last date for exchanges), persons of exchange should submit to the Secretariat a mission report and an essay on the achievement through the Project.

4. Information Dissemination Activities

Various channels have been utilised to create awareness and interest of DUO Korea as the following;

4-1. Brochures & Information sheet distribution

DUO Korea printed brochures in 2001 & 2003 respectively, and total of 3,100 of them were distributed to universities in Korea and European countries. Universities in Korea also took part in distribution when attending to international university conference such as EAIE (European Association for International Education).

In addition, the Ministry took charge in spreading the information sheet of DUO Korea to elementary, middle, and high schools to encourage participation from teachers in early 2003.

4-2. International Education Cooperation Seminar

The seminar was held by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development in May 2003. Over 100 participants from Offices of Education in Korean provinces and college international relation offices gathered. The Director General, DUO Korea a European exchange student and a Korean professor from Duo Korea were invited to make a presentation on DUO Korea programme and its benefits.

IV. Major Challenges of DUO KOREA

Despite its desirable results, there seem to be some challenges for the Korean Ministry to address for the future of DUO Korea. First of all, insufficient funding keeps the Ministry from meeting the increasing demand of DUO Korea. In 2003, the number of applicants was 212, but only 98 of them were rewarded. Secondly, a lack of promotion on the programme to European universities makes it difficult for Korean candidates to find their European partners. The promotion by both the Secretariat and the Korean Ministry has been effective in Korea, but not much in Europe. Without the cooperation of European representatives of ASEM member countries, we found the promotion of DUO Korea cannot be effective.

Finally, the quality evaluation of educational exchange through DUO Korea is an emerging challenge. At the start of the programme, the quality of the educational exchange was not a main concern for the Ministry because its main interest was in the number of candidates. As the programme gains its popularity and reputation, however, the quality evaluation is emerging as an important issue to be examined by the Ministry. This is, in particular, an issue for professors of exchange because the term of their exchange is usually supported for only a month, and their only obligation is to submit an essay and a final report to the Secretariat.

V. Future Plan towards Extension of DUO Korea

Faced wtih such challenges but determined to move forward, the Ministry will make every effort to increase financial support for DUO Korea. Currently, the Ministry is consulting with the Ministry of Budget & Planning and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding the extension of DUO Korea (2006  2010). Major part of this consultation is to increase the fund for DUO-Korea. In addition, the Ministry will strengthen its effort to promote DUO Korea internationally as well as domestically. For Korean applicants, the Ministry plans to hold a regular information seminar on ASEM DUO programmes for officers in charge of international matters in universities and colleges every year. For European applicants, the Ministry will contact officers in international divisions of European universities and colleges through emails, letters, and phone calls. It will also pledge for the support from the representatives of ASEM member countries in promoting DUO Korea.

Lastly, the Ministry will increase its effort to monitor the quality of education exchange. It will especially focus on developing the monitoring systems of professor exchanges which are currently more difficult to evaluate than those of student exchanges. Information sharing regarding this issue among responsible officers from individual DUO programmes would help develop a quality control scheme not only for DUO Korea, but also for other individual DUO programmes.

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