Phonics

What to teach AND When to teach it

Age 5-6

1 . Knows all letter names and sounds

Aa

2. Aware of phonemes in spoken words

Age 5-6

3. Knows all CVC 3-letter words e.g., cat, log, sun, big

C-A-T in CAT

4. Knows most frequent 50 sight words

Age 6-7

6. Knows all consonant blends e.g., crab, glad, stop, swim

CR in CRAB

Age 6-7

7. Knows all consonant digraphs e.g., ch, sh, th, wh, ph

SH in FISH

Age 6-7

8. Knows the “silent e” rule for long vowel sounds e.g., hat-hate, cut-cute

O__E in BONE

Age 6-7

9 . Knows the doubling rule for short vowel sound e.g., hoping-hopping

Age 6-7

10. Knows the R- and L-affected vowel sounds - ar, er, ir, or, ur, and all.

AR in CAR

11. Knows the 300 most frequent sight words and the “advanced” list

Age 7-8

12. Knows all 1-sound vowel digraphs – e.g., ai, oa, oi, au, ew

EE in BEE

Age 7-8

13. Knows all 2-sound vowel digraphs e.g., ea, ei, oo, ow

OO in BOOK

OO in ROOF

Age 8-9

1 4. Knows compounding patterns, e.g., hot/dog, rain/coat, night/fall, steam/roller

15.Knows silent letters e.g., gh, kn

H in GHOST

Age 8-9

16. Knows Greek letter patterns with special sounds ch=/k/, ph = /f/, y = /i/ sound

PHONE

17. Knows the 6 syllable rules: closed, open, r-affected, silent e, -LE, vowel team

A ge 9-10

18. Knows simple Anglo-Saxon prefixes (e.g., by-, for-, over-) and suffixes (e.g., -ed, -ing, -ly) and simple Latin based prefixes (e.g., pre, dis) and suffixes (e.g., -age, -ance)

A ge 10-12

19. Knows more complex Latin based prefixes (e.g., anti-, trans-, inte-r, intro-sub-) and suffixes (e.g., -cian, -cial, -tious, -age, -ance, -ive)

STATION

Age 12-14

20. Knows advanced Greek root words (e.g., chon, graph, sphere, thermo), prefixes (e.g., semi-, photo-, tele-, hydro-, hyper) and suffixes (e.g.; -phobia, -scope,-cracy, -phile)

THE READER