SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT DEFINITION A FORMULA (OR

TIPS FOR DEVELOPING ROUTINES AND DAILY SCHEDULES AT
20162017 YORKTOWN MIDDLE SCHOOL SPORTS SCHEDULES – (UPDATED 6316)
330601D1 ALTERNATE WORK SCHEDULES AND LOCATION FOR NON FACULTY

6_Financial-Schedules
ALTERNATE WORK SCHEDULES PROGRAM GUIDELINES GENERAL PROVISIONS
AMENDMENT OF RULE 005 – REGULATED RETAILER SCHEDULES COMPARATIVE

Schedules of Reinforcement

Schedules of Reinforcement


Definition:

A formula (or rule) describing the probability that a given R will produce reinforcement; or, a formula describing the proportion of Rs that will be reinforced

Schedules are based on a continuum of probability values

Contingency Schedule Probability of Sr

Every R Sr Continuous Sr (CRF) p =1.0

No Rs Sr Extinction (EXT) p = 0

Some Rs Sr Intermittent Sr (INT) 0 < p < 1.0


Advantages of Intermittent Reinforcement


Basic Schedule Parameters

Response requirement:


Regularity:


Basic Schedules of Reinforcement


Ratio Interval

(# of Rs) (Time since last reinforced R)

Fixed FIXED RATIO (FR) FIXED INTERVAL (FI)

(Requirement Sr delivered following Sr delivered following 1st R

for Sr constant) fixed # of Rs after fixed amt time since

last reinforced R

Variable VARIABLE RATIO (VR) VARIABLE INTERVAL (VR)

(Requirement Sr delivered following Sr delivered following 1st R

for Sr changes) # Rs that varies around after variable amt time since

an average value last reinforced R


Schedule Effects on Behavior

Ratio Interval

(High R rate) (Moderate R rate)

Fixed FIXED RATIO (FR) FIXED INTERVAL (FI)

(Irregular R rate) High, irregular rate Moderate irregular rate

(“Break and run”) (“FI scallop”)

Variable VARIABLE RATIO (FR) VARIABLE INTERVAL (VI)

(Stable R rate) High stable rate Moderate stable rate







Response Patterns Generated by Basic Schedules


SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT DEFINITION A FORMULA (OR



VR: High stable rate



FR: High irregular rate





VI: Moderate stable rate

FI: Moderate irregular rate































DeLuca & Holborn (1992)


General Focus:

Application of behavioral principles to the treatment of childhood obesity

Specific Aims:

To increase rates of exercise

To determine whether VR schedules are more effective than FR and FI schedules

To use a changing criterion design to shape gradual increases in behavior



Procedures


Experimental Designs:

Changing Criterion (BL + 3 VR phases)

Reversal: A-B1-B2-B3-A-B3


Conditions:

Baseline: No special instructions or contingencies

Reinforcement (VR):

VR point schedule (+15% BL or previous phase)

VR signaled via bell and light

Points exchanged for backup Sr+ (based on survey)

Social Validity: Satisfaction, physical activity, appearance (Ss, patents, teachers)


Results

Participant BL VR#1 VR#2 VR#3 BL VR#3

Scott (N) Stable ∆++ ∆+ ∆+ ∆- ∆++

Shawn (N) ∆- ∆++ ∆+ ∆++ ∆- ∆++

Steve (N) ∆- ∆++ ∆+ ∆+ ∆- ∆+

Peter (O) Stable ∆++ ∆+ ∆++ ∆- ∆++

Paul (O) Stable ∆++ ∆+ ∆+ ∆- ∆++

Perry (O) Stable ∆++ ∆+ ∆+ ∆- ∆+


Implications and Extensions


Major contribution: Interesting application of Sr schedules and changing criterion design as shaping procedure for increasing exercise behavior


Limitations:

Was performance under VR better than under FR or FI?

Were criterion increases necessary?

Other indices of improvement?


Extensions:

IV: Schedule questions unanswered

DV: Additional measures of benefit

DV: Other forms of exercise (convenience)

DV: Other behaviors related to obesity

Population or setting



ATTACHMENT 3 PRICING SCHEDULE (A&B) SCHEDULES A & B
BUILDING FRESHMAN SCHEDULES PRACTICE SEARCHING THE SCHEDULE OF
BUILDING NO SC PROJECT NAME SECTION 33060010 – SCHEDULES


Tags: schedules, formula, definition, reinforcement