Algebra II - Hyperbolas
A hyperbola can have a vertical or horizontal transverse axis. A hyperbola that is centered at the origin with a horizontal transverse axis has an equation of the form . A hyperbola that is centered at the origin with a vertical transverse axis has an equation of the form . When graphing a hyperbola you must be able to find the vertices, the slopes of the asymptotes, and the foci. Refer to your notes for this if necessary.
Notes on hyperbolas:
In the standard equations above, a is the distance from the center of the hyperbola to each vertex, so if the transverse axis is horizontal, the vertices are located at and if the transverse axis is vertical the vertices are located at
The foci are very important and to locate them we need to find the distance from the center of the hyperbola to each focus. This distance is labeled c and we find it using the formula . Thus the foci will have coordinates if the transverse axis is horizontal, and if the axis is vertical. Most of the time c is an irrational number such as . While it is perfectly fine to label the coordinates of the foci as for example, to locate them on a graph a decimal approximation is necessary.
Hyperbolas also have “invisible” lines that they approach called asymptotes. For a hyperbola that is centered at the origin, these lines will intersect at the origin. There are two intersecting asymptotes and their equations will be if the transverse axis is horizontal, and if the transverse axis is vertical. Asymptotes MUST be sketched into the graph as dashed lines for the graph of a hyperbola to be correct and complete.
Where is the center:
Is the transverse axis horizontal or vertical:
What are the coordinates of the vertices:
What are the equations of the asymptotes:
What are the coordinates of the foci:
Sketch the graph:
Where is the center:
Is the transverse axis vertical or horizontal:
What are the coordinates of the vertices:
What are the equations of the asymptotes:
What are the coordinates of the foci:
Sketch the graph:
Where is the center:
Is the transverse axis vertical or horizontal:
What are the coordinates of the vertices:
What are the equations of the asymptotes:
Sketch the graph:
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