A CRITIQUE OF THE APOTHEOSIS OF HOMER BY INGRES

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Ingres’ Apotheosis of Homer “is the first painting that offers a literal elaboration of how the classical tradition was constituted” (Seigfried)

A Critique of The Apotheosis of Homer by Ingres

By: Heather Wahl

A CRITIQUE OF THE APOTHEOSIS OF HOMER BY INGRES


Ingres’ Apotheosis of Homer “is the first painting that offers a literal elaboration of how the classical tradition was constituted” (Seigfried). All of the great artists of history, including those who came after Homer’s time, surround Homer in his coronation and come baring gifts. I feel the impact of the painting, is to show that all of the greats from history, from other poets, to playwrights, and composers have Homer to thank for their inspiration and that is why they are honoring him by bringing gifts. “Ingres represented Homer as a dead weight at the center of his painting, at once the least embodied and the most embodied of any of the figures. He is the only one seated and facing front, pale and blind, compared with the play of colors, gestures, and glances that animates the surrounding company” (Seigfried). Even though the painting is centered around the epic master, he seems alone, with his two works, embodied in the people sitting at his feet. His poems, both portrayed as women, are the only women in the painting except for the angel giving Homer his crown, almost seem mad at one another. The Iliad, which is shown with a sword, is pouting, while the Odyssey, shown with an oar, has her head turned the other direction and appears to be angry because her right hand is propped up against face and her left arm is crossed across her body in defiance.


This critique of the Apotheosis of Homer, will examine the other figures surrounding


Homer, and try to explain the importance of their presence. In the Apotheosis of Homer


that resembles a ‘paint-by-number’ every individual is .


  1. Horace who is hidden on the left side of the painting was acquainted with Virgil and Varius. He dedicated his life to literary pursuits, and he is known for his first book, the book of Satires. http://www.theatredatabase.com/ancient/horace_001.html

  2. Peisistratus, who is also barely noticeable on the left side of the painting, was the son of Hippocrates, who was a Greek statesman who became the leader of Athens for a period of time. http://peisistratus.biography.ms/

  3. Lycurgus (mythical) was the first legislator of Sparta is also placed in the background on the left side of the painting and is also barely noticeable. http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://agora.qc.ca/mot.nsf/Dossiers/Lycurgue&prev=/search%3Fq%3DLycurgue%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D

  4. Virgil, who is drapped in the traditional poets garb, is considered the greatest Roman epic poet, due to his work the Aeneid. http://www.online-literature.com/virgil/

  5. Rapheal, an Italian Renaissance painter. http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/schools/projects/renaissance/raphael.html

  6. Sapho

  7. Alcibiades, who is dressed in his weaponery, was a General and Athenian politician, pupil of Périclès and raise of Socrates. http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://agora.qc.ca/mot.nsf/Dossiers/Alcibiade&prev=/search%3Fq%3DAlcibiade%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D

  8. Apelles, who is probably the most important Greek painter born. http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://agora.qc.ca/mot.nsf/Dossiers/Apelle&prev=/search%3Fq%3DApelle%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D

  9. Euripides, “was one of the three great tragedians of classical Athens, along with Aeschylus and Sophocles”. http://euripides.biography.ms/

  10. Menander

  11. Demosthenes

  12. Sophocles, “Greek tragic dramatist”. http://www.bartleby.com/65/so/Sophocle.html

  13. Eschyle, a Greek playwright. http://www.gradesaver.com/ClassicNotes/Authors/about_aeschylus.html

  14. Herodotus. http://www.sacklunch.net/biography/H/Herodotus.html

  15. Orpheus

  16. Linos

  17. ?

  18. Musee

  19. ?

  20. Pindar- http://pindar.biography.ms/

  21. Hesiod- http://hesiod.biography.ms/

  22. Plato

  23. Socrates- http://www.2020site.org/socrates/

  24. Pericles- http://www.sacklunch.net/biography/P/Pericles.html

  25. Pheidias- http://phidias.biography.ms/

  26. Michelangelo

  27. Aristotle- http://library.thinkquest.org/18775/aristotle/bioar.htm

  28. Aristarchus- http://aristarchus.biography.ms/

  29. Alexander the Great- http://wi.essortment.com/alexanderthegr_rxdz.htm

  30. Dante- http://www.waterfordschool.org/Dante/bio.htm

  31. The Iliad

  32. The Odyssey

  33. Aesop

  34. Shakespeare, one of the all time greatest playwrights. http://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/

  35. The Fountain ?

  36. ?

  37. Mozart- http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/mozart.html

  38. Poussin- http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/bio/p/poussin/biograph.html

  39. Corneille- http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Theatre/Corneille/corneille.shtml

  40. Racine- http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Theatre/Racine/racine.shtml

  41. (Jean Bapiste Poquelin) Moliere- http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Theatre/Moliere/moliere.shtml

  42. Nicolas Boileau- http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article?tocId=9357609&query=Paris&ct=gen1

  43. ?

  44. Fenelon- http://www.swissbyrds.com/fenelon.asp

  45. Christoph Willibald von Gluck- http://www.classiccat.net/gluck_cw_von/biography.htm

  46. Luis Vaz de Camoens- http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03218b.htm



This an additional link that shows the Apothosis of Homer with numbers, except figure 45 and 46 are not known.


http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Homer/ApotheosisIngresN.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Live/Writer/Homer.htm&h=500&w=654&sz=56&tbnid=q64P0KFTcH8J:&tbnh=103&tbnw=135&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3DApotheosis%2Bof%2BHomer%2B%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en


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Tags: apotheosis of, the apotheosis, critique, ingres, apotheosis, homer