GUIDELINES RESEARCH PROJECT ON EXPLORATION SAMPLES PROVIDED BY EXXONMOBIL

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Guidelines: Research Project on Exploration Samples provided by ExxonMobil


Guidelines: Research Project on Exploration Samples provided by ExxonMobil


Form small working groups (2-4 students) in your lab sections. You will be working collaboratively to address the research questions related to your sample(s). You will need 2-3 hour blocks of time to work as a group outside of regular class time on the X-ray diffractometer and SEM, so please be sure your schedules are compatible. All group members are expected to attend the lab sessions using the analytical instruments.


The purpose of this research project is to a) introduce you to modern analytical techniques, including sample preparation, instrumental analysis, data acquisition, and interpretation; and b) to prepare a professional research report that will address a question of significance. ExxonMobil has kindly provided a series of samples from one of their exploration targets, and your job is to fully characterize the mineralogy of your assigned sample(s). There are two basic questions to be addressed: What is the provenance (source area) of the sediments, and b) what is the diagenetic history (post-depositional processes) of these samples (e.g. compaction, cementation) that can affect physical properties of the rock such as porosity and permeability.


To address these questions, you will use a combination of hand sample observations, petrographic analysis, XRD analysis, and SEM/EDS/BSE/CL analysis and imaging.


A good website to check for analytical strategies and applications is from Darrell Henry, Louisiana State University: http://www.geol.lsu.edu/henry/Geology7900/7900syllabus.htm



Ultimately, you will need to integrate these observations and analyses in a research report that summarizes your findings, as outlined below. We (Mogk and ICAL staff) will be available to guide you through these investigations, but ultimately it is your responsibility to write a professional quality research report.


Schedule:

November 8-18, all groups will collect and interpret their XRD data.

November 20-30, all groups will collect their SEM/EDS data

December 4-5, first draft of research reports due for review.

December 15, (last day of finals week), all reports are due at noon.


Report Requirements:


Your report on your research project on samples from ExxonMobil should be organized according to the following outline, and should include the following components:


  1. Introduction: A clear and concise statement about the question you are addressing. Why is this question interesting or important, particularly to the exploration geologists at ExxonMobil?


  1. Sample Descriptions: A short description of each of the hand samples should be provided.


  1. Observations:


    1. Petrographic: identify the minerals present in your polished thin sections; note i) the primary minerals, ii) alteration minerals, and any unusual textures or features. You should plan to take some photomicrographs to show the key minerals and their occurrences.

    2. XRD Data: Write a brief analysis of the XRD spectra of your samples. i) Prepare one print out that shows the multiple events (i.e. all of your analyses shown on one spectrum to help compare and contrast differences among samples); ii) Show the individual spectra for each sample with the major peaks identified. Mel can help you print out a clean copy of your spectra (via Excel) and you can easily label the peaks using computer graphics.

    3. SEM/EDS Data: For each of your polished thin sections, show any SEM images (including back-scattered electron images) that exhibit interesting or unusual texures, identify the minerals of interest in each image. Describe the significance of the minerals in each image. As required, we will use BSE imaging to identify heavy detrital minerals, and CL to examine cements and veining. Also include any EDS spectra that you have acquired—be sure to identify the mineral associated with each spot analysis—confirming the identity of each mineral and/or demonstrating its compositional characteristics (e.g. solid solution of other elements).


  1. Discussion: Refer to your central research questions, and show how your observations and analyses contribute to an understanding of this topic. Be sure to INTEGRATE the numerous types of data that you’ve acquired (field, hand sample, microscope, XRD, SEM/EDS). Interpret your results in the context of your research question.


  1. References: Use GeoREF, Web of Science or other index services in the MSU Library to find additional references (Google probably won’t work well for you in this context.).


To cite a reference in the text, provide the author(s)’ name(s) and the year of publication: Smith (2001); or Smith and Wesson (2002); or for three or more names, Smith et al. (2003).


At the end of your manuscript, you should provide an alphabetical list of References cited. We will use the Geological Society of America style guidelines. Please list journal articles, abstracts, books according to this format:


Journal

Arias, O., and Denyer, P., 1991, Estructura

 

geológica de la región comprendida en las hojas topográficas Abras, Caraigres, Candelaria y Río Grande, Costa Rica: Revista Geológica de América Central, no. 12, p. 61–74. [Use correct diacritical marks for all non-English languages.]

Doglioni, C., 1994, Foredeeps versus subduction

 

zones: Geology, v. 22, p. 271–274.



Abstract

Baker, V.R., 1991, Ancient oceans on Mars:

 

American Astronomical Society Division of Planetary Sciences, 23rd Annual Meeting, Palo Alto, California, Abstracts, p. 99.

Fitzgerald, P.G., 1989, Uplift and formation of

 

Transantarctic Mountains: Applications of apatite fission track analysis to tectonic problems: International Geological Congress, 28th, Washington, D.C., Abstracts, v. 1, p. 491.


Book

Burchfiel, B.C., Chen Zhiliang, Hodges, K.V., Liu

 

Yuping, Royden, L.H., Deng Changrong, and Xu Jiene, 1992, The South Tibetan detachment system, Himalayan orogen: Extension contemporaneous with and parallel to shortening in a collisional mountain belt: Geological Society of America Special Paper 269, 41 p

Peirce, J.W., Weissel, J.K., and others, 1989, Initial

 

reports, Ocean Drilling Program, Leg 121: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, 1000 p. [




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