Base of KROK 1 questions of LAB Exam 4
Medical Biology
2018-2019 academic year*
* In some questions you can see the department’s comments in brackets highlighted by yellow colour
A male patient has fever and enanthesis (skin eruption). As a result of the examination involving serological tests, he has been diagnosed with Fasciola hepatica infection. It was found out that the patient had been infected through raw river water. Which stage of Fasciola life cycle is invasive for humans?
*Adolescaria
Metacercaria
Ovum
Miracidium
Cysticercus
A hunter has drunk raw water from a pond. He is at risk for getting infection with the following trematodosis:
*Fascioliasis
Paragonimiasis
Dicroceliasis
Opistorchiasis
Clonorchiasis
There were eggs of Fasciola hepatica in the patient’s faeces. A doctor, however, refrained from making diagnosis and insisted on a repeat analysis after the complete exclusion of beef liver from the patient’s diet. What led the doctor to make such a decision?
Possible phenomenon of transient eggs
Insufficient qualification of a laboratory assistant
Lack of trust towards the investigation method
Uncertainly regarding the analysis precision
Absent symptoms of invasion
A patient complains of pain in the area of his liver. Duodenal intubation revealed oval, yellowish eggs, narrowed at the poles and with an operculum at the end. Size of these eggs is the smallest among all helminth eggs. What is the most probable diagnosis?
*Opisthorchosis
Teniasis
Beef tapeworm infection
Echinococcosis
Diphyllobothriasis
Coprological examination of revealed small operculate eggs in patient’s faeces. It is known from the anamnesis that the patient often consumes fish. What fluke parasitizes in the patient’s organism?
*Cat liver fluke
Blood fluke
Lung fluke
Liver fluke
Lancet fluke
A patient has been preliminarily diagnosed with paragonimiasis. This disease is caused by lung flukes. The causative agent entered into the patient’s body through:
*Eating half-cooked lobsters and crabs
Eating unwashed vegetables
Contact with an infected cat
Eating half-cooked or dried fish
Drinking raw water from open reservoirs
A patient has consulted a urologist about pain during urination. Analysis of his urine taken in the daytime revealed eggs with a characteristic sharp point. It is known from the anamnesis that the patient has recently returned from Australia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
*Urogenital schistosomiasis
Intestinal schistosomiasis
Japanese schistosomiasis
Opisthorchiasis
Dicroceliasis
A young woman, a foreign student from Tehran (Schistosomiasis has been eliminated in Iran to date, however Exam booklet gives it), has made an appointment with a urologist. She complains of heaviness in lower abdomen and a small amount of blood being excreted with urine at the end of each urination. Microscopy of her urine sample detected the presence of parasite eggs, approximately 140×70 mcm, with a terminal spike. What diagnosis can the infectious diseases specialist make?
*Schistosomiasis
Fascioliasis
Opistorchiasis
Paragonimiasis
Dicroceliasis
A man visited Lebanon (Schistosomiasis has been eliminated in Lebanon to date, however Exam booklet gives it). Soon after return he felt pain and heaviness in the perineum and suprapubic region. On examination he was diagnosed with urogenital schistosomiasis. In what way could he become infected?
*By swimming in contaminated waters
By eating unwashed fruit and vegetables
By eating insufficiently salted fish
By eating undercooked meat of cattle
By eating undercooked meat of crayfish and crabs
A 26-year-old female consulted a doctor about having stool with white flat motile organisms resembling noodles. Laboratory analysis revealed proglottids with the following characteristics: long, narrow, with a longitudinal channel of the uterus with 17-35 lateral branches on each side. What kind of intestinal parasite was found?
*Taeniarhynchus saginatus
Taenia solium
Hymenolepis nana
Diphyllobothrium latum
Echinococcus granulosus
Dehelmintization (deworming) of a patient revealed some long fragments of a helminth with segmented structure. Mature segments were rectangular, 30×12 mm in size, closed-type matrix was in shape of a stem with 17-35 lateral branches. Specify this helminth:
*Hookless (beef) tapeworm
Alveococcus
Echinococcus
Dwarf tapeworm
Armed (pork) tapeworm
In case of some helminthiases, an affected person can detect helminth himself because mature segments of the causative agent are able to crawl out of the anus. This is typical for the following disease:
*Beef tapeworm infection
Pork tapeworm infection
Hymenolepiasis
Bothriocephaliasis
Echinococcosis
A father bought some pork at the market. What disease may the members of his family catch supposed this meat didn’t stand veterinary control?
*Teniasis
Beef tapeworm infection
Hymenolepiasis
Echinococcosis
Fasciola hepatica infection
A father bought some pork at the market. What disease may the members of his family catch provided that this meat didn’t pass the veterinary control?
*Pork tapeworm infection
Beef tapeworm infection
Hymenolepiasis
Echinococcosis
Liver fluke infection
As a result of dehelmintization (deworming) a 2-meter helminth came out with faeces. It had a segmented body, a small head with four suckers and hooks. Name a species of the helminth:
*Armed (pork) tapeworm
Unarmed (beef) tapeworm
Dwarf tapeworm
Echinococcus
Broad tapeworm
A female patient consulted a physician about digestive disorder, extended abdominal pain. Examination revealed drastic decrease in hemoglobin concentration. It is known from the anamnesis that while living in the Far East the patient used to eat freshly-salted caviar. Some relatives living with her had the similar condition. What is the most likely diagnosis?
*Diphyllobothriasis
Echinococcosis
Teniasis
Trichiniasis
Ascaridiasis
During dehelmintization (deworming), there was a 3.5-meter-long tapeworm removed from the patient’s intestine. There are 4 suckers and hooks on the tapeworm’s scolex. Mature segments of the tapeworm are immobile and have up to 12 branches. What disease does this worm cause?
*Diphyllobothriasis
Teniasis
Echinococcosis
Beef tapeworm infection
Opistorchiasis
During dehelmintization (deworming), a patient expelled long fragments of a segmented helminth. In some segments their width exceeds their length; there is a rosette-like uterus in the segment’s center. Name the helminth:
*Diphyllobothrium latum
Taeniarhynchus saginatus
Taenia solium
Echinococcus granulosus
Hymenolepis nana
A concerned mother addressed a pediatrician with complaints of her child’s frequent stomachache, loss of appetite, nausea, constipation. Stool analysis detected rounded eggs with double capsules and oncospheres in their centers. The child was diagnosed with hymenolepiasis. What route of transmission lead to progressively intense infection?
*Autoinvasion
Sexual intercourse
Immediate contagion
Alimentary
Contamination
A shepherd who has tended sheep together with dogs presents with chest pain and blood spitting. X-ray examination revealed a roundish neoplasm in his lung. Immunological reaction test confirmed the provisional diagnosis. Specify the helminth that might have caused this disease:
*Echinococcus
Dwarf tapeworm
Broad tapeworm
Common liver fluke
Armed (pork) tapeworm
A shepherd who has tended sheep together with dogs consulted a doctor about pain in his right subcostal area, nausea, vomiting. Roentgenoscopy (X-ray examination) revealed a tumour-like formation. What kind of helminthiasis might be suspected?
*Echinococcosis
Ascariasis
Enterobiasis
Taeniarhynchosis
Taeniasis
A shepherd, who had tended the flock of sheep with his dogs, gradually developed pain in his chest and bloody expectorations. X-rays revealed spherical helminth larvae in the patient’s lungs. Specify the helminth that could be a causative agent of this disease:
*Echinococcus granulosus
Taenia solium
Hymenolepis nana
Fasciola hepatica
Diphyllobothrium latum
A scientific expedition in India was guided by a native who had never parted with his dog. What invasion diseases can be transmitted to the participants of the expedition as a result of contacts with this dog if it is known to be the source of invasion?
*Echinococcosis
Teniasis
Paragonimiasis
Dicroceliasis
Fascioliasis
During an abdominal surgery, a 46-year-old patient working at a meat processing plant was found to have a very dense roundish formation 11 cm in diameter, which was localized in the right lobe of the liver. The cross-section of the formation has a porous appearance due to a large number of small vesicles with layers of dense connective tissue. The surrounding tissues have visible necrotic areas and proliferation of granulation tissue including many eosinophils and foreign body giant cells. What disease can be thought of in this case?
*Echinococcus multilocularis
Malaria
Hepatitis
Hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma
Calculous cholecystitis
Microscopic examination of the sputum of a patient with pneumonia occasionally revealed some larvae. Eosinophilia was detected in blood examination. What helminthiasis can be diagnosed?
*Ascariasis
Enterobiosis
Trichocephaliasis
Paragonimiasis
Opisthorchosis
Helminthological examination of patient’s faeces revealed oval brown eggs with tuberous external membrane. Name a species of the helminth:
*Ascarid
Pinworm
Whipworm
Dwarf tapeworm
Broad tapeworm
A patient consulted a physician about chest pain, cough, fever. Roentgenography (X-ray examination) of chest revealed eosinophilic infiltrates in the lungs, which were found to contain the larvae. What helminthiasis is it characteristic of?
*Ascariasis
Echinococcosis
Fascioliasis
Cysticercosis
Trichinosis
A man with signs of intestinal obstruction was admitted to the hospital. In the treatment roundworms 25–40 cm length were extracted from the patient’s intestine. Determine the species of this helminth:
*Ascaris lumbricoides
Ancylostoma duodenale
Trichocephalus trichiurus
Enterobius vermicularis
Strongyloides stercoralis
A patient presents with indigestion, stomachaches, and excessive salivation. Similar symptoms had been observed in this patient previously. Laboratory test detected oval eggs covered with lumpy (rough) capsules (shell) in the patient’s faeces. What is the most likely cause of the patient’s disease?
*Ascariasis
Enterobiasis
Diphyllobothriasis
Fascioliasis
Trichocephaliasis
A 10-year-old child complains of weakness, nausea, irritability. Helminths of white colour and 5-10 mm long have been found on the underwear. On microscopy of a scrape from the perianal folds achromic ova of the unsymmetrical shape have been revealed. Which helminth is in the child’s organism?
*Enterobius vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ancylostoma duodenale
Trichina worm (Trichinella spiralis)
Trichuris trichiura
During regular examination of schoolchildren, it was revealed that a 10-year-old girl had asymmetric oval eggs with a larva in the scraping from her perianal folds. What diagnosis should be made?
*Enterobiasis
Ascariasis
Amoebiasis
Trichocephalosis
Ancylostomiasis
Microscopy of a perianal fold scrape has revealed colourless eggs with the shape of asymmetrical ovals 50×23 micrometers in size. Name a species of the helminth.
*Pin worm (Enterobius vermicularis)
Ascarid (Ascaris lumbricoides)
Whipworm (Trichuris trichiura)
Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale)
Dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nana)
In the perianal folds of a 5-year-old girl her mother has found some white “worms” that caused itch and anxiety in the child. The “worms” were sent to the laboratory. During examination a physician saw white filiform helminths 0.5-1 cm long, with pointed ends, some helminths had the twisted ends. What is the most likely diagnosis?
*Enterobiasis
Diphyllobothriasis
Teniasis
Ascariasis
Opisthorchiasis
A mother consulted a pediatrician about small white filiform worms about 1 cm long with pointed ends that she found on her child’s underwear. According to the mother, the child sleeps badly, grits his teeth, scratches the area of anus. Specify the helminth species:
*Pinworm
Ascarid
Trichuris
Armed (pork) tapeworm
Hookworm
In the vermiform appendix there was found a white helminth, 40 mm long with thin filiform forward end. Excrements contained oval eggs with plugs at the poles. Determine a species of the helminth:
*Whipworm
Seatworm
Ascarid
Hookworm
Threadworm
A 15-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with inflammation of vermiform appendix. Blood test revealed signs of anaemia. Her faeces contained lemon-shaped helminthic eggs (50×30 micrometers) with “plugs” on the poles. What species of helminth is it?
*Trichuris trichiura (whip worm)
Pinworm
Hookworm
Echinococcus
Hymenolepis nana
A miner consulted a physician about the appearance of body rash followed by a loss of appetite, bloating, duodenal pain, frequent bowel movements, dizziness. Ovoscopic probes of faeces and duodenal content revealed some eggs covered with a transparent membrane through which 4-8 germinal cells could be seen. What disease is likely to have occurred in the patient?
*Ancylostomiasis
Strongyloidiasis
Trichocephaliasis
Hymenolepiasis
Enterobiasis
Two days after consumption of smoked pork a patient got face and eyelid edemata, gastrointestinal disturbances, abrupt temperature rise, muscle pain. Blood test showed full-blown (high-grade) eosinophilia. What helminth could the patient be infected with?
*Trichina worm
Pinworm
Ascarid
Whipworm
Hookworm
A man has been admitted to the hospital in a severe condition: facial edemas, myalgia, high temperature, and respiratory distress. History-taking revealed that the patient’s family often consumes untested pork. What helminth can be the cause of such symptoms?
*Trichinella spiralis
Strongyloides stercoralis
Diphyllobothrium latum
Taeniarhynchus saginatus
Ancylostoma duodenale
In one of Polessye regions, Ukraine, there was an outbreak of helminthiasis manifested by cramps and facial edemas. The developed preventive measures included in particular a ban on eating infested pork even after heat processing. What helminthiasis was the case?
*Trichinosis
Taeniarhynchosis
Teniasis
Echinococcosis
Alveococcosis
A hospital in Donetsk region, Ukraine, admitted the patients - members of the same family — with eyelid and face edemata, fever, eosinophilia, headache, muscle pain. The disease developed 7-10 days after eating pork sausage sent by the patients’ relatives from Khmelnitsky region. What is your provisional diagnosis?
*Trichinosis
Echinococcosis
Teniasis
Cysticercosis
Taeniarhynchosis
A man has worked in an African country for 3 years. A month after his return to Ukraine he consulted an ophthalmologist and complained of eye ache, eyelid edema, lacrimation and temporary visual impairment. The doctor revealed helminths 30-50 mm long with filiform body underneath the eye conjunctiva. What diagnosis might be suspected?
*Filariasis
Diphyllobothriasis
Ascariasis
Enterobiasis
Trichocephaliasis
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS YOU NEED TO CHOOSE
INTERVIEW SKILLS & HOW TO HANDLE DISCRIMINATORY QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS ARISING FROM THE REGULATORY RESPONSIBILITY BILL HON
Tags: questions of, some questions, questions