Section 11.3 Review Answers (Page 475 #1-6)
1. When there are ice crystals high in the atmosphere, sundogs likely appear to the side
and above the Sun, along the rim of a halo encircling the Sun.
2. Colours in a rainbow come from different droplets. Colours are seen in the opposite
order from which they are refracted. Sunlight can be both reflected and refracted by the same water droplet. Since red light is refracted less toward the normal than blue light is, red light emerges from the water droplet at the greatest downward angle. Thus, the red light you see in a rainbow comes from droplets that are higher than those that refract green light toward your eye. Similarly, the blue light comes from water droplets that are lower than those that refract green light toward your eye. As a result, red appears at the top of a rainbow, and blue appears at the bottom.
3. Diagrams should show the Sun lower in the sky behind the person, the rainbow in
front, and water droplets in the atmosphere.
4. Example: Light rays reflected from the fish to your eyes are refracted farther from
the normal at the surface of the water, but your brain assumes a straight path,
resulting in a misjudgement of the depth. See Figure 11.25 from page 470 of the
student textbook. A fish should be in place of the underwater box.
5. Diagrams should show the fish “aiming” the insect lower than where it sees it. The
actual path of the spit should be straight from the mouth to the insect.
6. Example: Knowing that light changes direction as it travels into media of different
densities tells me that hot, moving air in which there are several changes in
temperature (density) would cause many changes of direction in light rays as they
travel to my eyes.
Hot air rises and different temperatures have different indices of refraction. When light passes through air of changing temperatures, it refracts at different angles. As a result, the direction of the light constantly changes, making it appear that the solid objects seen through the moving air appear to be changing shapes.
61303 SECTION 613 ‑ CENTERLINE AND REFERENCE SURVEY MONUMENTS
EPOXY 728 SECTION 728 EPOXY 1 SCOPE 1 MATERIALS
EXECUTIVE OFFICEDIVISION NAME BUREAUDISTRICT OR SECTION NAME PO
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