制定:王玉祥主任/林世哲
日期:93年8月
cute leukemiaDefinition: presence of >20% myeloblasts in blood and/or bone marrow
FAB classification: 依照leukemia cell的形態將ALL分為L1,L2,L3, AML分成M1-M7亞型。
L1:small blast, scanty cytoplasm, nucleoli不明顯
L2: size variable, 20% cytoplasm, more prominent nucleoli
L3: large blast, basophilic cytoplasm with vacuolization
M
M5:monocytic
(M5a,M5b) M6:erythroleukemia M7:megakaryoblastic M0:myeloblast,
undifferentiated
1:myeloblast without maturation
M2:myeloblast with maturation
M3:promyelocyte(APL)
M4:myelomonocytic
Clinical manifestation: fatigue, fever, bleeding tendency, bone pain, gingival involve 常見於M4/M5, DIC常見於M3
Classification of acute leukemias by morphologic and cytochemical criteria
+ CES/NES
+/+ M4
A
+/– M1,M2,M3
+/- CES/NES
–
/+ M5
A cute leukemia AML
CD13/CD33(+) M0
CD41(+)
– M7
CD19/CD20(+)
B-ALL
CD2/CD7(+)
T-ALL
POS: perioxidase stain, CES: chloracetate stain, NES: nonspecific esterase
Prognostic factors in acute leukemias
G ood prognosis poor prognosis
A ML t(8;21) –M2 2nd leukemia
t(15;17) –M3 abnormality of Ch 5 or 7
Inv(16) –M4 M0,M6,M7
ALL age 2-6 yr t(9;22)
Hyperdiploidy t(4;11)
L1 morphology t(8;14)
Treatment
A: supportive treatment: prevention of tumor lysis syndrome, management of neutropenia fever, blood transfusion
B: chemotherapy
AML: 包括induction and consolidation
a. Induction: I3+A7 ex. Idarubicin 12mg/m2(or Daunorubicin45mg/m2) IV D1-3, +Ara-C 100mg/m2 IV 24 hours D1-7
b. Consolidation: I2+A5, 年輕病患考慮high dose Ara-C (2-3gm/m2 bid), 共3-4次
APL:
a. Induction: ATRA(all trans retinoic acid) 45mg/m2 orally QD plus 3+7 regimen
ALL:
a. Induction: 包含anthracycline, Vincristine, prednisolone +/- Asparaginase
b. intensification: including VP-16, Cyclophosphamide, Ara-C, ..etc
c. CNS prophylaxis: intrathecal(IT) MTX 12-15mg +/- cranial irradiation
d. maintenance : MTX weekly + 6-MP QD
Tags: leukemia, definition, 制定王玉祥主任林世哲, 日期:93年8月, presence