Almennt
Danish Institute for Health Technology Assessment. Low-back pain: frequency, management and prevention from an HTA perspecive. Kaupmannahöfn: Danish Health Technology Assesment, 1999. Sótt 4. apríl 2003 á vefslóðina: http://www.dihta.dk/publikationer/docs/Low-back%20pain/default.html.
Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Ostelo R, Kim Burton A, Waddell G. Clinical guidelines for the management of low back pain in primary care: an international comparison. Spine 2001; 26: 2504-13; umræða 2513-4.
Royal college of general practitioners. Guidelines for the management of acute low back pain. London: Royal college of general practitioners, 1991. Sótt 4. apríl 2003 á vefslóðina: http://www.rcgp.org.uk/rcgp/clinspec/guidelines/backpain/index.asp.
SBU – Statens beredning för medicinsk utvärdering. Back pain, neck pain: an evidence based review: summary and conclusions. Stokkhólmur: SBU, 2000. Sótt 4. apríl 2003 á vefslóðina: http://www.sbu.se/admin/index.asp.
Rannsóknir
Kendrick D, Fielding K, Bentley E, Kerslake R, Miller P, Pringle M. Radiography of the lumbar spine in primary care patients with low back pain: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2001; 322: 400-5.
Kendrick D, Fielding K, Bentley E, Miller P, Kerslake R, Pringle M. The role of radiography in primary care patients with low back pain of at least 6 weeks duration: a randomised (unblinded) controlled trial. Health Technol Assess 2001; 5(30): 1-69.
Kerry S, Hilton S, Patel S, Dundas D, Rink E, Lord J. Routine referral for radiography of patients presenting with low back pain: is patients' outcome influenced by GPs' referral for plain radiography? Health Technol Assess 2000; 4(20): i-iv, 1-119.
Bakæfingar, Hreyfing, Bakskóli
Anonymous. Advice to stay active is effective for acute low-back pain but bed rest is not. Evid Based Med 1998; 3: 109.
Brox JI, Hagen KB, Juel NG, Storheim K. Is exercise therapy and manipulation effective in low back pain? Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1999; 119: 2042-50.
Chok B, Lee R, Latimer J, Tan SB. Endurance training of the trunk extensor muscles in people with subacute low back pain. Phys Ther 1999; 79: 1032-42.
Gracey JH, McDonough SM, Baxter GD. Physiotherapy management of low back pain: a survey of current practice in northern Ireland. Spine 2002; 27: 406-11.
Hagen KB, Hilde G, Jamtvedt G, Winnem M. Bed rest for acute low back pain and sciatica (Cochrane Review). Í: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software.
Nentwig CG. Effectiveness of the back school: a review of the results of evidence-based evaluation. Orthopade 1999; 28: 958-65.
van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, Esmail R, Koes BW. Exercise therapy for low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane collaboration back review group. Spine 2000; 25: 2784-96.
van Tulder MW, Esmail R, Bombardier C, Koes BW. Back schools for non-specific low back pain (Cochrane Review). Í: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software.
van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, Esmail R, Koes BW. Exercise therapy for low back pain (Cochrane Review). Í: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software.
Bólgueyðandi lyf, verkjalyf og vöðvaslakandi lyf
Anonymous. More on NSAID adverse effects. Bandolier 2000; 79. Sótt 4. apríl 2003 á vefslóðina: http://www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/band79/b79-6.html.
Anonymous. NSAIDs and muscle relaxants reduce acute low-back pain; manipulation, back schools, and exercise reduce chronic low-back pain. ACP J Club 1998; 128: 65.
Tramer MR, Moore RA, Reynolds DJ, McQuay HJ. Quantitative estimation of rare adverse events which follow a biological progression: a new model applied to chronic NSAID use. Pain 2000; 85: 169-82.
van Tulder MW, Scholten RJPM, Koes BW, Deyo RA. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain (Cochrane Review). Í: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software.
Liðlosun (manipulation).
Anonymous. Chiropractic manipulation and McKenzie physiotherapy were not effective for low back pain. ACP J Club 1999; 130: 42.
Brox JI, Hagen KB, Juel NG, Storheim K. Is exercise therapy and manipulation effective in low back pain? Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1999; 119: 2042-50.
Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Battié M, Street J, Barlow W. A comparison of physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, and provision of an educational booklet for the treatment of patients with low back pain. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1021-9.
Hurwitz EL, et al. The effectiveness of physical modalities among patients with low back pain randomized to chiropractic care: findings from the UCLA low back pain study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002; 25: 10-20.
Furlan AD, Brosseau L, Welch V, Wong J. Massage for low back pain (Cochrane Review). Í: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software.
Preyde M. Effectiveness of massage therapy for subacute low-back pain: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ 2000; 162: 1815-20.
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