POLITICAL SCIENCE 20 MR ZIMNY TOPIC NINE – REPRESENTING

5 ANNEX C THE SECRETARIAT FOR POLITICAL
1 THE ENGLISH POLITICAL DOMINATION OF IRELAND HAS LEFT
10 AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 8 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY 1

135 Siebeneichner Proletarian Myth and Political Mobilization Proletarian
15 BOSNIAN ISLAM SINCE 1990 CULTURAL IDENTITY OR POLITICAL
15 POLITICAL SCIENCE 106MO THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY OF

Political Science 6LS

Political Science 20 Mr. Zimny


topic nine – representing and lobbying:

special interest groups


Shively, Chapter 12 – Structured Conflict: Interest Groups and Politics


Overview:


The nature of interest groups and their variety in modern states is the central focus. How the interest group system represents public opinion in general and the circumstances that tend to make the interest group system more or less representative are presented. The problem of collective goods and participation in groups is also addressed. The chapter offers a typology of interest groups (sectoral, promotional, and institutional) and looks at how the tactics chosen by interest groups are affected by the resources of the group and the political environment within which the group exists. Pluralism and neocorporatism are contrasted. The chapter ends with detailed discussions of interest groups in France and Japan.


Outline:


  1. Introduction: Interest groups defined

  2. Barriers to interest groups articulating and representing people’s wishes

  1. not all interest groups well organized (producer groups usually best ones)

  2. some groups command disproportionate voice in interest group system because they have special advantages

  3. most interest groups are not organized democratically; their leaders are not closely responsive to members’ wishes

  4. Box: The Logic of Collective Action

  1. Types of interest groups

  1. Sectoral

  2. Institutional

  3. Promotional

  1. Tactics of interest groups

  1. Control of information and expertise

  2. Electoral activity

  3. Use of economic power

  4. Campaign contributions

  5. Public information campaigns

  6. Violence and disruption

  7. Litigation

  1. Patterns of organized interest group activity

  1. Degree of organization

  2. Degree of direct involvement in government administration

  1. Pluralism

  1. System where interests organize and compete freely

  2. U.S. often used as an example that fits the term most closely

  3. Critics note that not all interests are able to “organize and compete freely”

  1. Neocorporatism

  1. Government deals with interests at all stages of making and administration of policy

  2. Scandinavian states fit the term most closely

  3. System depends on cooperation and willingness to avoid rocking the boat

  4. System “petrifies” conflicts existing at the time it was established

  1. Pluralism and neocorporatism reflect “choice” perspective

  2. Examples: Interest groups in France and Japan


Keywords:


interest group

selective incentive

sectoral interest group

institutional interest group

promotional interest group

pluralism

neocorporatism



(over)


Shively, Chapter 13 – Social Movements and Contentious Politics


Overview:


This chapter begins by defining social movements and discussing why they have blossomed during the 20th and 21st centuries. The chapter then highlights the advantages and disadvantages of "informal organization" -- the one key quality that distinguishes social movements from interest groups and political parties. The chapter then discusses the advantages and disadvantages of informal organization.


Outline:


  1. Introduction

  1. Social movements defined

  2. Relationship to civil society

  3. Why social movements have blossomed in 20th and 21st Centuries

  1. Advantages (and disadvantages) of informal organization

  1. How social movements are different from parties and interest groups

  2. The two “huge disadvantages” of informal organization

  1. difficulty amassing the resources political leaders respond to

  2. their ephemeral nature causes politicians to think that they can outlast social movements

  1. Distinct advantages of informal organization

  1. they can be nimble in defining and framing their issues

  2. lack of resources allow them to change tactics and be opportunistic

  3. ability to form networks across the boundaries of the state

  1. Examples

  1. The Rubber Tappers of Acre

  2. The “Orange Revolution” in Ukraine


Keywords:


social movement

opportunity structures



17 Neutrality and Political Liberalism Richard j Arneson for
19 HOW DELIBERATION FEELS1 SHARON KRAUSE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL
2 CITY OF TORONTO POLICY ON POLITICAL ACTIVITIES


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