REACHING THE MOST MARGINALIZED AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN WHAT WORKS

13TH ANNUAL FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT HIGHER EDUCATION CONFERENCE “REACHING
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REACHING THE MOST MARGINALIZED AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN: WHAT WORKS

REACHING THE MOST MARGINALIZED AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN: WHAT WORKS


Maryam Farzanegan, Ph.D.


Contact

Maryam Farzanegan

Project Officer

UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre

Piazza

S.S. Annunziata #12

Florence50122,

Italy


Telephone +39-055-2033-353

Email address [email protected]


ABSTRACT


Background

Severe disparities in child mortality, morbidity and malnutrition exist between rich and poor countries and between communities within each country. This presentation will focus on the 10-20% of most marginalized children who slip through the safety nets and are repeatedly left out. They are subject to multiple deprivations and at risk of death by preventable diseases. For example, in Indonesia, under 5 mortality is four times higher in the poorest fifth of the population than in the richest fifth. (Victora, Lancet 2003). In Australia, infant mortality rate among aboriginals is as much as 3 times higher than the overall rate (UNICEF, IRC, 2003). Although reaching these children may require considerably more time and resources, it is one of the key elements in fulfilment of international commitments.

Objectives
1. Identify problems that the most marginalized and vulnerable children have in common.
2. Determine causes of why they remain deprived of health services.
3. Analyse instructive practices. Examine successful programs: what works.
4. Determine critical factors in policy and program development that ensure effectiveness and sustainability.
5. Derive implications for policy and practice.

Methods

The study is a result of collaborative work of UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre with UNICEF New York and Field Offices. Methodology includes literature review, field visits, structured interviews with policy makers, practitioners and researchers.

Implications for policy and practice

Make the poorest and most vulnerable children a high priority; engage in long-term program development and implementation (narrowly-defined objectives for service delivery and outreach programmes can serve as important entry points for longer term ! efforts); collect disaggregated data at district and community levels with respect to the most underserved groups; monitor for equity and revise programs accordingly; improve access to basic services by establishing safety nets for the poorest groups; facilitate greater community participation, strengthen local capacity by using participatory approaches; and include explicit follow-up plans including staffing and training of community health workers.



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Tags: children who, vulnerable children, children, works, vulnerable, marginalized, reaching