Linear Transformation:
Definition of linear transformation:
A linear transformation L of the vector space V into the vector space W is a function (denoted by ) such that for ,
(a) .
(b) .
Note:
If and L is a linear transformation, L is also called a linear operator on V.
Note:
is called the image of .
Example:
Let
.
A linear transformation L of (V) into (W) is a function such that
(a) , where
and .
(b) where .
Several special cases of the above linear transformation are the following:
Projection: is defined by
.
L is a linear transformation since
(a) for any ,
.
(b) for ,
.
Dilation: is defined by
.
Constraction: is defined by
Both and are linear transformations.
3.
Let and . Then, .
.
.
Rotation: is defined by
.
L is a linear transformation.
Let A be fixed matrix. Then,
defined by
is a linear transformation since
(a) for any ,
.
(b) for ,
.
Example:
Let
,
where is the set of all the polynomials of degrees . Is L a linear transformation?
[solution:]
L is a linear transformation since
(a) for any in ,
.
(b) for ,
Example:
Let , L is the operation of taking the derivative, for example,
.
Is L a linear transformation?
[solution:]
L is a linear transformation since
(a) for any in ,
.
(b) for ,
Example:
is defined by
.
Is L a linear transformation?
[solution:]
L is not a linear transformation since
(a) for any ,
Important result:
Let be a linear transformation. Then,
, where is the zero vector in V and is the zero vector in W.
.
For any vectors in V and any scalars , then
.
If V is an n-dimensional vector space and be a basis for V. If is any vector in V, then is a linear combination of .
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