2 PATTERN 4 A SERIES WITHOUT A CONJUNCTION (A

2 PATTERN 4 A SERIES WITHOUT A CONJUNCTION (A
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PATTERN 4: A SERIES WITHOUT A CONJUNCTION (a series in any part of the sentence)

2


PATTERN 4: A SERIES WITHOUT A CONJUNCTION (a series in any part of the sentence)

A, B, C

EXPLANATION:

This pattern is the simplest form of the series. The items are separated by commas, and in this special pattern no conjunction links the final two items. Omitting this conjunction is effective, for it gives your sen­tence a quick, staccato sound.

Develop your ear!

Read the series aloud so that you hear whether the items flow together smoothly and euphoniously without the conjunction before the last item. Remember that tone and sound and fluency are important considerations here. Also, remember that each item should receive equal emphasis. None is more important than the others.

EXAMPLES:

The coach is loud, profane, demonstrative; he has again been trapped, caught, humiliated.

With wisdom, patience, virtue, Queen Victoria directed the course of nineteenth-century England.

The United States has a government of the people, by the people, for the people.

Since unification in Berlin, walls have come down, barriers have been broken, bonds have been formed.

Big burgers with everything on 'em: pickles, onions, tomato, lettuce, plenty of mustard.

(Note the fragment.)


CHECKPOINT.

Find the items that are not parallel in these awkward sentences:

The typical teenage user of snuff is white, active, and athletic, and subjected to very heavy peer pressure.

Swimming, surfing, to go boating—these were Sally's favorite sports at the summer camp.

Now explain why these revisions are better:

The typical teenage user of snuff is white, active, athletic, and peer pressure is very heavy.

Swimming, surfing, boating—these were Sally's favorite sports at the summer camp.

note: Although the commonest pattern for series—A, B, and C—is not discussed in this book, you should remember that a comma before the conjunction helps to make the meaning clear.

Shakespeare uses an image, a metaphor, a simile and rhyme scheme to clarify his theme in this sonnet. (A "simile and rhyme" scheme? Without the comma before the conjunction, that's what the sentence says!)

The restaurant served four varieties of sandwiches: corned beef, pastrami, salami and egg with bacon. (Would you order the last one?)

note: Some style manuals, such as those for journalists and tech­nical writers in the military, omit the comma before the conjunc­tion and the last item.


EXERCISES:


Develop a series for each of the following sentences.

1. A theme traditionally has three major parts : ___________________ ,


________________________, __________________________.

2. ________________________, _________________________,

________________________, are my favorite summertimes activites.


3. (Begin this sentence with three –ed or –en words.)

______________________, _________________________,

______________________, _________________________, the gambler staggered away from the poker table with only a few coins in change.


4. (Provide a series of –ing words for the blanks.) The players formed a wide circle around the coach, _________________________, ______________________, ___________________________ ,

____________________________.

5. After the announcement on the loudspeaker the rowdy spectators at the tennis match _______________________, ________________________,

______________________.





Pattern 4a: A SERIES WITH A VARIATION

A or B or C . (in any place in the sentence).

A and B and C . (in any place in the sentence).


EXPLANATION:

Occasionally, you will want to vary the preceding pattern and instead write a series with conjunctions between all items (but usually not more than three). Again, let your ear be your guide. Listen for tumbling rhythm in the following sentences.

EXAMPLES:

Peering down from the hill, Merlin could see the castle swathed in gloom and fear and death.

Despite his handicaps, I have never seen Larry angry or cross or depressed.

Many ice hockey games lead to broken ribs or sprained knees or dislocated shoulders—or even worse.

Collies and geese and children tumbled out of the farmhouses in Alsace Lorraine, barking or hissing or shouting according to their unique French natures.

The intense heat and the exhaustion and the twenty-six miles had confused and crippled Gabriela Scheiss, but there was something in her spirit that sustained her during the 1988 Los Angeles Olympic marathon.


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Tags: conjunction (a, the conjunction, series, pattern, without, conjunction