CRUSADES 10951292 CRUSADE WESTERN CHRISTIAN MILITARY EFFORT TO

Crusades 1095-1271

Crusades 1095-1292

Crusade = Western Christian military effort to regain Holy Land from the Muslim Turks ≈ 1095-1292.

“Deus Vult” – God wills it! War cry of First Crusade.

1. Causes

CRUSADES 10951292 CRUSADE WESTERN CHRISTIAN MILITARY EFFORT TO

2. Motives of Crusaders

3. Events of significance

≈ 6-8 Formal Crusades intended for Holy Land (only first succeeds)
1^st Crusade sets up feudal kingdoms/principalities in Holy Land
- Gradually Crusaders lose grip on the lands gained in first Crusade
- Each new Crusade was in response to land lost again after the first one

3^rd Crusade attempted to retake Jerusalem after its conquest by Saladin
4^th Crusade captured Constantinople from the Byzantines and was held for 50 years in early 1200s

5. Major effects of Crusades in West

Improved technology – ships, maps, weapons, use of compass, etc.
Increased use of currency leads to trade, cities, wealth, leisure
Increased trade leads to rise of Italian city-states, global exploration, New World
Feudalism declines, kings grow stronger
- Nobles die, kings often get land
- Currency allows for paid armies = kings don’t need nobles
Broadened worldview through exposure to Byzantine and Arab world

CRUSADES 10951292 CRUSADE WESTERN CHRISTIAN MILITARY EFFORT TO

Crusades 1095-1292

Crusade = Western Christian military effort to regain Holy Land from the Muslim Turks ≈ 1095-1292.

“Deus Vult” – God wills it! War cry of First Crusade.

1. Causes

2. Motives of Crusaders

3. Events of significance

4^th Crusade captured Constantinople from the Byzantines and was held for 50 years in early 1200s

5. Major effects of Crusades in West